functions in ruby

Ruby is a dynamic, object-oriented programming language that is known for its simplicity and readability. It provides a wide range of functions that can be used to perform various tasks. Here are explanations for some commonly used functions in Ruby:

1. puts: The puts function is used to output a line of text to the console. It automatically adds a newline character at the end of the output.

2. gets: The gets function is used to read input from the user. It waits for the user to enter a line of text and returns that line as a string.

3. print: The print function is similar to puts, but it does not add a newline character at the end of the output. It simply prints the text to the console.

4. length: The length function is used to find the length of a string. It returns the number of characters in the string.

5. reverse: The reverse function is used to reverse the characters in a string. It returns a new string with the characters in reverse order.

6. split: The split function is used to split a string into an array of substrings. It takes a delimiter as an argument and splits the string at each occurrence of the delimiter.

7. join: The join function is used to concatenate the elements of an array into a single string. It takes an optional delimiter as an argument and joins the elements using that delimiter.

8. to_i: The to_i function is used to convert a string to an integer. If the string contains non-numeric characters, it returns 0.

9. to_f: The to_f function is used to convert a string to a floating-point number. If the string contains non-numeric characters, it returns 0.0.

10. to_s: The to_s function is used to convert an object to a string. It returns a string representation of the object.

These are just a few examples of the functions available in Ruby. There are many more functions that can be used to manipulate strings, arrays, hashes, and other data structures in Ruby.