out modifier in kotlin

fun main() {
    val result = calculateResult()
    println("Result: $result")
}

fun calculateResult(): Int {
    val num1 = 10
    val num2 = 5
    return addNumbers(num1, num2)
}

fun addNumbers(a: Int, b: Int): Int {
    return a + b
}

Explanation: 1. fun main() { ... }: Defines the main function where the program execution begins. 2. val result = calculateResult(): Declares a variable result and assigns the value returned by the calculateResult() function. 3. fun calculateResult(): Int { ... }: Defines a function calculateResult() that returns an integer. It calculates the result by adding two numbers and returns the sum. 4. val num1 = 10 and val num2 = 5: Declares two variables num1 and num2 with integer values 10 and 5, respectively, within the calculateResult() function. 5. return addNumbers(num1, num2): Calls the addNumbers() function with num1 and num2 as arguments and returns the result obtained from this function. 6. fun addNumbers(a: Int, b: Int): Int { ... }: Defines the addNumbers() function that takes two integer arguments a and b and returns their sum as an integer value. 7. return a + b: Adds the values of a and b and returns the sum as the result of the function.