go functions

Go functions are a fundamental building block in the Go programming language. They allow us to define reusable blocks of code that can be executed whenever needed. Here are the steps involved in working with Go functions:

  1. Function declaration: To create a function, we start by declaring it using the func keyword. This is followed by the name of the function and a pair of parentheses that may contain any parameters that the function requires. For example:
func greet(name string) {
    // function body goes here
}
  1. Function body: The function body is enclosed within a pair of curly braces {}. It contains the code that gets executed when the function is called. For example:
func greet(name string) {
    fmt.Println("Hello, " + name + "!")
}

In this example, the function body prints a greeting message to the console.

  1. Function parameters: Parameters are variables that are passed to a function when it is called. They allow us to provide input to the function. Parameters are specified within the parentheses after the function name. For example:
func greet(name string) {
    fmt.Println("Hello, " + name + "!")
}

In this example, the name parameter is of type string.

  1. Function return type: A function may return a value after it has finished executing. The return type of a function is specified after the parameter list, using the func keyword. For example:
func getRandomNumber() int {
    return 4
}

In this example, the function getRandomNumber returns an integer value.

  1. Calling a function: To execute a function, we need to call it by its name followed by parentheses. Any required arguments are passed within the parentheses. For example:
func main() {
    greet("Alice")
}

In this example, the function greet is called with the argument "Alice".

  1. Function invocation: When a function is called, the program execution jumps to the function body and starts executing the code within it. After the function finishes executing, the program execution returns to the point where the function was called from.

These are the basic steps involved in working with Go functions. They allow us to organize our code and make it more modular and reusable.