tan trigonometric function

Explanation of the tan Trigonometric Function in C++

The tan function in C++ is a trigonometric function that calculates the tangent of an angle. It takes a single argument, which represents the angle in radians, and returns the tangent of that angle.

Here is an example of how to use the tan function in C++:

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>

int main() {
    double angle = 1.0; // angle in radians
    double tangent = std::tan(angle);

    std::cout << "Tangent of " << angle << " radians: " << tangent << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

In this example, the std::tan function is used to calculate the tangent of the angle variable. The result is then printed to the console using std::cout.

It's important to note that the tan function expects the angle to be in radians. If you have an angle in degrees, you can convert it to radians using the std::fmod and std::fmod functions. Here's an example:

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>

int main() {
    double angleDegrees = 45.0; // angle in degrees
    double angleRadians = angleDegrees * M_PI / 180.0; // convert to radians
    double tangent = std::tan(angleRadians);

    std::cout << "Tangent of " << angleDegrees << " degrees: " << tangent << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

In this example, the angleDegrees variable represents the angle in degrees. It is then converted to radians by multiplying it by M_PI / 180.0, where M_PI is a constant defined in the <cmath> header that represents the value of pi. The tangent of the angle in radians is then calculated using the std::tan function.

Note: The tan function can return special values such as positive or negative infinity or NaN (Not a Number) if the input angle is outside the range of valid values or if there is an error in the calculation. It's important to handle these special cases appropriately in your code.