appdivind c++ stuctures
To define structures in C++, you can follow these steps:
Start by declaring the structure using the 'struct' keyword, followed by the structure name. For example, if you want to create a structure named 'Person', you would write:
struct Person { // structure members will be defined here };
Inside the structure declaration, you can define the members of the structure. These members can be of any data type, including built-in types or user-defined types. For example, let's add two members to the 'Person' structure: 'name' of type string and 'age' of type int:
struct Person { string name; int age; };
After defining the structure, you can create variables of that structure type. This is done by specifying the structure name, followed by the variable name. For example, to create a variable 'person1' of type 'Person', you would write:
Person person1;
Once you have created a structure variable, you can access its members using the dot operator (.) followed by the member name. For example, to access the 'name' member of 'person1', you would write:
person1.name = "John";
You can also assign values to the structure members during initialization. This can be done by enclosing the member values in curly braces ({}) after the variable declaration. For example, to initialize 'person1' with a name and age, you would write:
Person person1 = {"John", 25};
Structures can also be used as parameters in functions. This allows you to pass the entire structure or a structure variable to a function. For example, let's create a function 'printPerson' that takes a 'Person' structure as a parameter and displays its members:
void printPerson(Person p) { cout << "Name: " << p.name << endl; cout << "Age: " << p.age << endl; }
To use the 'printPerson' function, you can pass a 'Person' structure or a structure variable as an argument. For example, to print the details of 'person1', you would write:
printPerson(person1);
These are the basic steps for defining and using structures in C++. Structures provide a way to group related data together, making it easier to organize and manipulate complex data sets.