char at in c++
The char at
function in C++ is used to access a specific character in a string or an array of characters. It allows you to retrieve the character at a specified position within the string or array.
To use the char at
function in C++, you need to follow these steps:
- Declare a string or an array of characters: First, you need to declare a string or an array of characters that you want to access. For example:
cpp
std::string str = "Hello, world!";
- Use the
at
function: Next, you can use theat
function to access a specific character at a given position within the string or array. Theat
function takes a single argument, which is the index of the character you want to access. The index starts from 0 for the first character. For example:
cpp
char c = str.at(7);
In this example, the character at position 7 (which is the character 'w') will be assigned to the variable c
.
- Handle exceptions: The
at
function throws anstd::out_of_range
exception if the specified index is out of bounds. To handle this exception, you can use a try-catch block. For example:
cpp
try {
char c = str.at(20);
} catch (const std::out_of_range& e) {
// Handle the exception
}
In this example, if the index 20 is out of bounds for the string str
, an std::out_of_range
exception will be thrown, and you can handle it in the catch block.
That's how you can use the char at
function in C++ to access a specific character in a string or an array of characters.