switch c++

The switch statement in C++ is used to select one of many code blocks to be executed, based on the value of a given expression. Here are the steps involved in using the switch statement in C++:

Declare the variable: First, declare a variable that will be used in the switch statement. This variable will hold the value that will be compared with the cases.
Write the switch statement: Start the switch statement by using the keyword "switch" followed by the expression to be evaluated. This expression can be of any integral or enumeration type.
Define cases: Inside the switch statement, define the cases using the keyword "case" followed by a constant value. Each case represents a possible value of the expression.
Write code blocks: For each case, write the code block that will be executed if the corresponding case is matched. The code block is enclosed within curly braces {}.
Include a default case: Optionally, include a default case using the keyword "default". The default case will be executed if none of the cases match the value of the expression.
Break statement: At the end of each code block, include the "break" statement. This is used to exit the switch statement and prevent the execution of subsequent cases.
End the switch statement: Close the switch statement with a closing curly brace }.

Here is an example of a switch statement in C++:

int day = 3;

switch (day) {
    case 1:
        cout << "Monday";
        break;
    case 2:
        cout << "Tuesday";
        break;
    case 3:
        cout << "Wednesday";
        break;
    case 4:
        cout << "Thursday";
        break;
    case 5:
        cout << "Friday";
        break;
    default:
        cout << "Weekend";
}

In this example, the value of the variable "day" is 3. The switch statement evaluates this value and matches it with the case 3. As a result, the code block corresponding to case 3 is executed, and the output will be "Wednesday". The break statement is used after each case to exit the switch statement.