c++ random number generator uniform distribution

To generate random numbers with a uniform distribution in C++, follow these steps:

1. Include the necessary header file for random number generation and uniform distribution:

#include <random>

1. Create a random number engine, such as the Mersenne Twister engine, for producing random numbers:

std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}());

1. Define the range of the uniform distribution using the uniform_int_distribution or uniform_real_distribution classes: For integers:

std::uniform_int_distribution<int> dist(1, 100); // generates numbers between 1 and 100
int random_integer = dist(rng); // generates a random integer

For floating-point numbers:

std::uniform_real_distribution<double> dist(0.0, 1.0); // generates numbers between 0.0 and 1.0
double random_double = dist(rng); // generates a random double

1. Use the distribution with the random number engine to obtain random numbers within the specified range:

int random_number = dist(rng); // generates a random number within the specified range

These steps will allow you to generate random numbers with a uniform distribution in C++.