__lg(x) in c++

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int x = 16;
    int result = __lg(x);
    cout << "The result is: " << result << endl;
    return 0;
}

Explanation of __lg(x) in C++

The __lg(x) function in C++ returns the floor of the base 2 logarithm of the given argument. In other words, it returns the position of the highest bit set in the binary representation of the given number, which is equivalent to the integer part of the logarithm base 2. For example, if the input is 16, which is 2^4, the result would be 4. This function is commonly used in competitive programming and other algorithmic tasks to efficiently find the position of the highest bit set in an integer.