Stream Overloading

The stream overloading in C++ allows us to perform input and output operations using streams. It is achieved by overloading the stream insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators. Here are the steps involved in overloading the stream operators:

1. Decide whether to overload the insertion (<<) or extraction (>>) operator for input or output operations.

2. Define the overloaded operator function as a friend function if the operator is overloaded as a non-member function, or as a member function if it's overloaded as a member function.

3. Implement the overloaded operator function to perform the desired input or output operations using the stream and the object being operated on.

4. Use the overloaded operator in the program to perform input or output operations on objects of the class for which the operator was overloaded.

5. Ensure that the overloaded operator function follows the conventions and behaviors of the standard stream operators to maintain consistency and clarity in the code.

By following these steps, stream overloading in C++ can be effectively utilized to customize input and output operations for user-defined data types.