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To calculate the factorial of a number in C++, you can use a recursive function. Here are the steps involved:

1. Define a function called "factorial" that takes an integer parameter.
2. Inside the function, write a base case to check if the provided integer is 0. If so, return 1.
3. If the integer is not 0, recursively call the "factorial" function with the parameter decremented by 1, and multiply it by the original value.
4. Return the result of the recursive call.

This recursive approach effectively calculates the factorial of a given number in C++.