geekforgeeks stacks

To understand the explanations for each step in implementing stacks in C++, let's go through the process step by step:

Step 1: Include the necessary headers In C++, we need to include the necessary headers to use the stack data structure. The header provides the stack class template.

Step 2: Declare a stack Next, declare a stack object using the stack class template. You can specify the type of elements that the stack will hold within the angle brackets. For example, to create a stack of integers, you would declare it as: stack myStack;

Step 3: Push elements onto the stack To add elements to the stack, we use the push() function. This function takes an argument that represents the element to be added to the top of the stack. For example, to add the integer 5 to the stack, we would write: myStack.push(5);

Step 4: Check if the stack is empty To check if the stack is empty, we use the empty() function. This function returns a boolean value, true if the stack is empty, and false otherwise. For example, to check if the stack is empty, we would write: if (myStack.empty()) {/ stack is empty /}

Step 5: Get the size of the stack To get the number of elements in the stack, we use the size() function. This function returns the number of elements in the stack as an integer value. For example, to get the size of the stack, we would write: int stackSize = myStack.size();

Step 6: Access the top element To access the top element of the stack without removing it, we use the top() function. This function returns a reference to the top element. For example, to access the top element of the stack, we would write: int topElement = myStack.top();

Step 7: Pop elements from the stack To remove the top element from the stack, we use the pop() function. This function removes the top element from the stack. For example, to remove the top element from the stack, we would write: myStack.pop();

Step 8: Iterate over the stack To iterate over the elements of the stack, we can use a while loop. We continue popping elements from the stack until it becomes empty. For example:

while (!myStack.empty()) { int element = myStack.top(); // Do something with the element myStack.pop(); }

These are the main steps involved in implementing stacks in C++. By following these steps, you can effectively use the stack data structure in your C++ programs. Remember to include the necessary headers, declare a stack object, push elements onto the stack, check if the stack is empty, get the size of the stack, access the top element, pop elements from the stack, and iterate over the stack as needed.