C if Statement

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int num = 10;

    if (num > 0) {
        printf("The number is positive.\n");
    } else if (num == 0) {
        printf("The number is zero.\n");
    } else {
        printf("The number is negative.\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

1. Include Header File:

2. #include <stdio.h> includes the standard input-output library for using functions like printf.

3. Main Function:

4. int main() { marks the beginning of the main function, which is the entry point of a C program.

5. Variable Declaration:

6. int num = 10; declares an integer variable num and initializes it with the value 10.

7. If Statement:

8. if (num > 0) { checks if the value of num is greater than 0.

9. Print Statement (If True):

10. printf("The number is positive.\n"); prints a message to the console if the condition in the if statement is true.

11. Else If Statement:

12. } else if (num == 0) { provides an alternative condition to check if the value of num is equal to 0, in case the first condition is false.

13. Print Statement (Else If True):

14. printf("The number is zero.\n"); prints a message to the console if the condition in the else if statement is true.

15. Else Statement:

16. } else { handles the case when both the if and else if conditions are false.

17. Print Statement (Else True):

18. printf("The number is negative.\n"); prints a message to the console if none of the previous conditions is true.

19. Return Statement:

    • return 0; indicates that the program has executed successfully and exits the main function.

20. Closing Brace:

    • } marks the end of the main function.